Iran, Saudi Arabia Strengthen Ties Amid Regional Power Shifts

Historic meetings between Iranian and Saudi officials mark a significant step towards normalization of relations between the two nations, with implications for regional security and stability as the Middle East continues to shift under US President-elect Joe Biden's foreign policy strategy.

In a move seen as a departure from previous US policies, Iran's President Masud Pezeshkian spoke with Saudi Crown Prince Muhammad bin Salman, amidst growing tensions in the region. The conversation reportedly covers initiatives to expand bilateral cooperation, including defense diplomacy and economic collaboration. Furthermore, Saudi Arabia's General Chief of Staff, Fayyad al-Ruwaili, and Iranian counterpart General Mohammad Bagheri held high-level talks, marking a continued warming trend between the nations. The talks cover potential Iranian naval participation in Saudi naval exercises next year.

Iran's intention to re-establish ties with Saudi Arabia dates back to the 2023 meeting following seven years of hostility, in an effort to alleviate heightened tensions based on long-standing religious and ideological differences that emerged in the 1970s. Their tension was further exacerbated during the 2011 Arab Spring protests. Notably, Iran's efforts to break its economic sanctions contingent on forging strong relationships domain other Arab states serves as a key factor in this mission. Moreover, the easing of relations should also attract focus associated with converging interests to promote the economic growth in Middle East, which has been hindered by prevailing harsh instability.

While these newly built trust can lead to peaceful coexistence between the two major powers in the Middle East, further steps and moves are required from both sides to establish a strong bond between them.